Michael Faraday
In his work on static electricity, Faraday’s ice pail experiment demonstrated that the charge resided only on the exterior of a charged conductor, and exterior charge had no influence on anything enclosed within a conductor. This is because the exterior charges redistribute such that the interior fields due to them cancel. This shielding effect is used in what is now known as a Faraday cage.
Faraday’s law of induction is a basic law of electromagnetism relating to the operating principles of transformers, inductors, and many types of electrical motors and generators.
